It is precisely charting their positions, distances, movements, and changes in brightness. Throughout the course of its mission, Gaia monitors each of its target stars about 14 times per year. The limiting magnitude of input telescopes allows measuring the position of light-sources with the brightness up to 8 magnitudes at a precision of 0.001 through a single measurement of 1/30 s. The offered scheme will be used for the determination of the frame of selenocentric coordinates during the “Luna-Globe” and “Luna-Resource” missions for precise navigation of landing modules and maybe will be used for precise gridding of the Martian surface. A global space astrometry mission, Gaia is building the largest, most precise three-dimensional map of our Galaxy by surveying nearly two billion objects. This double-based arc-meter with superposed bases allows measuring arcs in the range from 30° to 105°. In addition, it enables the qualification of the geopotential guaranties. Long series of arc measurements between different objects on the ground and in the sky enable the solution of both determination of geodesic coordinates of the measured points and position of the spacecraft during the measuring process by using geodesic equation methods. (b) with differential time delay o in the two interferometer cables, as in a. At the time of this writing PTI has demonstrat ed 20 microarcsecond-class differential astrometry between two stars in a 0. Each measurement takes approximately 0.04 s, with the precision of 1 mm in recalculation to ground-relations. have no application at least in visual astronomy and in this field the use. This fringe-scanning mode can be used to support both double-Fourier narrow-band visibility measurements, and precise ultra-narrow angle astrometry. A mathematical signal processing technique. The cosmic-based angle-measuring instrument measures the arcs lengths between the measured ground-points, that are marked with light beacons, and navigation stars. Interferometry is most widely used in radio astronomy, in which signals from separate radio telescopes are combined. Unlike all other GPS and GLONASS satellite systems that are in use, within the offered modification, all metrological support is provided by on-board measurements, which means, that it does not need any ground support of coordinate measurements or orbital characteristics of the satellite system. A new concept of a global positioning support system, based on only one satellite, was offered. The first truly lab-friendly and flexible turnkey laser-based interferometer system was introduced in the early 1970’s.
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